Direct and Indirect Speech Rules




Direct Speech

The exact words spoken by a person are written in direct speech. It is put in quotation marks

Indirect Speech

The words are reported in a different manner and no quotation marks are used in it

Tenses change

Direct speech

Indirect speech

Present simple

Past simple

Present progressive

Past progressive

Past simple

Past perfect

Past progressive

Past perfect progressive

Present perfect simple

Past perfect simple

Present perfect progressive

Past perfect progressive

Future-will

Would

Future-am/is/are going to

Was/were going to

Was/were going to

Past perfect progressive

Past perfect simple

No tense change

Past perfect progressive

No tense change

Can

Could

Shall

Should

 

“That” is used in the indirect speech

Change the pronouns

Direct speech

Indirect speech

I

He/She

We

They

Our

Their

 

Changing references to time and place

Direct speech

Indirect speech

Tomorrow

The next day

Today

That day

Yesterday

Previous day

Last week

Previous week

Next week

Following week

Here

There

Now

Then





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